In backward design, which stage focuses on selecting appropriate assessments to demonstrate mastery?

• A. Identify desired results.
• B. Plan learning experiences and instruction.
• C. Determine acceptable evidence.
• D. Identify resources.

Answer: (C)

In backward design, the stage that focuses on selecting appropriate assessments to demonstrate mastery is the phase of determining acceptable evidence. This step asks, in advance, what counts as proof that students have achieved the intended outcomes. It involves choosing or creating assessments and performance tasks, setting clear success criteria, and ensuring the measures align with the goals. When the evidence is defined first, your learning experiences and materials are deliberately designed to prepare students for those assessments and to provide a clear path to mastery.

Identifying desired results is about specifying what students should know and be able to do. Planning learning experiences and instruction is about designing the activities and pacing that help students reach the goals. Identifying resources is about selecting the tools and materials to support learning.